Environmental Science (B.S.)

Program Overview

The environmental science curriculum provides a strong background for students planning a career in the environmental field. It is the recommended major for students who will enter graduate programs in such fields as ecology, environmental science, environmental law, environmental public policy, regional planning, landscape architecture, conservation biology, & the marine sciences.

It also provides an excellent background for those planning to directly enter the rapidly expanding environmental job market after college. Environmental science is an interdisciplinary curriculum drawing heavily from biology and chemistry with important contributions also from ethics, theology, economics, and mathematics.

The recommended first-year curriculum for the environmental science major is identical to the biology major in order to provide maximum flexibility for students. An important feature included in the environmental science curriculum is the encouraged participation at AuSable Institute of Environmental Studies, located in northern Michigan. Information on the AuSable program is available from the Department Office or your environmental science advisor.

Program Learning Outcomes

Graduates from Messiah’s Environmental Science program can:

  1. Understand the nature of science, biological molecules, cell structure and function, enzymes, metabolism, and classical and molecular genetics.
  2. Understand the diversity of animal life; comparative aspects of development, physiology, morphology; life history, behavioral ecology, and evolutionary biology of animals.
  3. Understand the diversity of plants; flowering plant anatomy, physiology, reproduction, and ecology; distribution of major plant communities with global climate patterns; biogeochemical cycles.
  4. Explain population genetics and how evolution affects populations through mutation, migration, non-random mating, genetic drift, and inbreeding

  5. Articulate the interactions of organisms at the species, community, and ecosystem levels; evidences for modern evolutionary thought in the context of a Christian world view. 

  6. Demonstrate substantive knowledge of geologic terms, processes and time scale.

  7. Summarize theoretical structure and philosophical assumptions of environmental science.

  8. Appraise human impact on above systems and potential responses from a Christian Stewardship world view.
  9.  Participate in investigative-style laboratory experiences.
  10.  Work as teams in conducting laboratory and field research.
  11. Participate in intentional writing skills development within the major.

  12. Apply and extend basic field and laboratory skills.

  13. Present research results to an audience (e.g., in-class, on-campus, symposia, off-campus venues).

  14. Express proficiency in basic field and laboratory techniques (e.g., microscopy, dissection, slide preparation, wetland delineation, plant and animal identification, radio telemetry, geological context identification, analysis of biological communities).

  15. Demonstrate familiarity with essential laboratory and field safety protocols.

  16. Develop the ability to search the biological literature and retrieve papers from journals.

  17. Compose technical lab reports in format similar to scientific journals and reports similar in format to government and consulting reports.

  18. Demonstrate proficiency of software applications such as Excel, Word, PowerPoint, and ArcGIS in analysis and reporting of scientific data.

  19. Summarize options for employment, voluntary service, and/or graduate education in environmental science.

  20. Articulate the inter-relatedness of living organisms & humanity’s calling to creation stewardship.

  21. Summarize various models that relate science and Christian faith.

  22. Paraphrase historical, philosophical, and ethical aspects of Environmental Sciences.

Major Requirements

Complete the following for your major:

BIOL 160Molecular and Cellular Biology

4

BIOL 162Plant Biology

3

BIOL 164Animal Form & Systematics

2

BIOL 166Principles of Comparative Physiology

2

BIOL 262Ecology and Adaptation

4

BIOL 315Environmental Ethics

3

CHEM 105General Chemistry I

4

CHEM 106General Chemistry II

4

CHEM 204Introduction to Organic Chemistry

4

CHEM 240Environmental Chemistry

4

ENVS 270Environmental Techniques and Policy: Terrestrial

2

ENVS 271Environmental Techniques and Policy: Water and Wetlands

2

GEOL 201Foundations of Geology

4

GIS 245Introduction to Geographic Information Systems

3

STAT 269Introductory Statistics

3

BIOL 262: Fulfills Writing Enriched course requirement for Major.

BIOL 274: Students wishing to transfer this requirement from other institutions must work carefully with the Registrar’s Office as it meets BOTH a major and a QuEST requirement for STW.

CHEM 204, CHEM 240: All Environmental Science majors must take CHEM 204 and CHEM 240. Those students intending to enter graduate school and whose work will involve a significant amount of chemical emphasis should substitute CHEM 309, CHEM 310 for CHEM 204.

Four credits from the following:

BIOL 356Ornithology

4

BIOL 358Herpetology

4

BIOL 362Aquatic Zoology

4

Three credits from the following:

SUST 495Capstone: Environmental Science and Sustainability Studies

3

ENVS 495Environmental Science and Sustainability Capstone

3

Three to four credits from the following:

BIOL 334Plant Ecology

4

ENVS 216Environmental Issues and Sustainable Solutions

3

Six credits from the following* (6):

BIOL 295Desert Ecology

3

BIOL 297Tropical Biology

3

BIOL 334Plant Ecology

4

BIOL 356Ornithology

4

BIOL 358Herpetology

4

BIOL 362Aquatic Zoology

4

BIOL 381Microbiology

4

ENGR 321Environmental Engineering

4

ENGR 440Water and Wastewater Management

3

ENGR 442Hazardous Waste and Air Pollution Management

3

ASI 310Winter Biology

4

ASI 355Watersheds in Global Development

4

ASI 358Field Techniques in Wetlands

4

* All Environmental Science majors are encouraged to complete one course at AuSable Institute. AuSable courses can count only as elective credit. Majors are encouraged to do an internship and/or research experience.

QuEST Requirements

Experiential Learning requirement 0
QuEST requirements Credits
First Year Seminar 3
Oral Communication 3
Created and Called for Community (W) 3
Mathematical Sciences (STAT 269) met/major
Laboratory Science (BIOL 160, BIOL 162 or CHEM 105) met/major
Science, Technology & the World waived
Two of the following (six credits total):
   Social Science
   European History
   United States History
6
Literature 3
Philosophy and Religion 3
Arts 3
First Semester of Language 3
Second Semester of Language 3
Third Semester of Language or Cross Cultural 3
Non-Western Studies 2-3
Bible 3
Christian Beliefs 3
Wellness course 1
Ethics, World Views or Pluralism (ENVS 315) met/major
QuEST requirements 42-43
Major requirements 68-71
Free electives 13-9
Total credits 123